Ddr5 tfaw 16. I do CPU overclock in hydra 1.

• Ddr5 tfaw 16. It is 1654 bios for x670-p Asus board. This kit is designed and marketed for AMD and targets the "sweet spot" that is getting all the attention. BTW, I don't even know if you can set 4-6-16, I've always run 4-4-16. TRRD_S (Ras to ras delay S)=4, TRRD_L (Ras to ras L)=6 or 4, tFAW (four act win time)=16, tREFI 65535 (don't use 262144 even though it can go that high, you're risking instant stealth memory corruption or BSOD if the RAM heats up), tRFC (needs testing depending on your sticksHynix and Samsung may work Feb 29, 2016 · Since we're not sure on the chips (Micron rev E?), these are just approx guides. All things overclocking go here. Zenmaps shows gear down and other settings. 465V 17-23-8-22-22-54 40 ohm ProcODT, 30 ohm ClkDrvStr, GDM and PowerDownEnable Disabled, tWR 16 tWTRS 5 tWTRL 11, RDRDSCL and WRWRSCL both 5, CR 1T for now. 16 e ^ -10 s. The choice of component is often determined by factors such as cost, power, board space, etc. 3월 전까지만 하더라도 DDR5 오버클럭에 관한 질문들은 거의 없었는데 12세대 사용자가 늘어나고 DDR5 가격도 안정화가 되어서인지 꽤 많아진 것 같습니다. It's 4133 MHz 1. Then, I tried to up the tRRDL and tRRDS to 6 and it didn’t work either. Skill Trident Z5 RGB 32 GB (2 x 16 GB) (7200MHz 34-45-45-115 1. Use the mouse wheel when 本篇分ABC三部分，先动内存，再动CPU和GPU 虽然以 IU、Z板 D5 举例，大多数方法其实是通用的。如有疑问请多指教。 确保监测机箱内各硬件都是默认状态并且正常，接口稳固，清理静电，风向稳定等 尽量使CPU达到标准… I could do 4-6-16 on 4000 MHz but I can't do 6-6-36 on 4133 MHz. 12试试？ tRFC 和SCL也有可能导致。。 不然3866降3800？ tFAW对游戏影响蛮大的，我摸内存最高频率的时候一般直接tRRD tFAW 4 4 16这么摸，压不动tFAW的高频有什么意思. It has been stable. You could also try lowering TRCD and TRP, which would give a noticeable improvement. Sep 14, 2023 · I discovered that Asustek motherboards can still damage the processor's SoC or at least cause instabilities and also make overclocking difficult. skill ddr5 6400 cl32 i overclock the memory to 6800MHZ when i overclock to 6933 i get memtest eror when i overclock to 7000MHZ no boot so i want to squeeze the memory in 6800MHZ to max preformance and to lower latency as lowe as Mar 5, 2024 · Most of the "essential" subs you tweaked on DDR4 still take the same recommended values. on the opposite, high tFAW (24 to 28) increase TM5 test time dramatically, about 15s longer under default serj config Indeed. In today's review, we will be using the new EXPO 6000 MT/s profile that's optimized for Zen 4 using modest primary timings of 38-38-38-78. Jul 20, 2021 · 다른분들 보면 보통tFAW 항목이 16정도 주시고 쓰는거로 보이는데저는 24로 되어있네요더 조이면 뭐가 좋아… DDR5メモリタイミングについての日本語記事があんまりなかったので、備忘録もかねて。 初めに メモリのOCは基本的に動作保証外です。自己責任で行いましょう。 マザボの性能・メモリの品質・冷却装置で安定動作するタイミング値は大きく変わります。 楽しくOCするため Enhance your testing accuracy with KingTiger Technology’s advanced DDR5 module tester. Follow along as we test this memory and see how it stacks up the competition! Sep 19, 2013 · NGA玩家社区是一个专注于游戏讨论和交流的论坛，为玩家提供丰富的游戏资讯和互动平台。 Jun 27, 2013 · Here is an small update of this patriot cl19 b-die kit. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. ALSO: I'm not sure 'WHY' but tFAW seems to work at 16 If you set 4-6-16, tFAW gets ignored for the tRRDL, it is going to be 24. ( tRCD랑 tRP도 36 밑으로 안되네용 ㅠㅠ) [DDR5 Jul 17, 2023 · Team Group turns the T-Force Delta series on its head with these new DELTAα RGB kits. 12 times that are accordingly 5 e^-9 s or 5 ns. The following table compares various features of the DRAM components and their performance impact. Precisely the overclocking options available, for some reason, may be sending excessive voltage and current overload. Visualize execution order and timing differences for activation, read, precharge, and other critical operations to fine-tune performance. Learn to overclock, ask experienced users… Sep 27, 2022 · Basics • CPU • DDR-RAM • Editor's Desk • Motherboard • Reviews • System The big Ryzen 7000 Memory and OC Tuning Guide – Infinity Fabric, EXPO, Dual-Rank, Samsung and Hynix DDR5 in Practice test with Benchmarks and Recommendations May 13, 2022 · ASUS 메인보드용 DDR5 오버클럭 가이드입니다. Jun 12, 2007 · I have a pretty good B-die kit, but it's 64GB, and the IMC cannot keep it stable past 3800Mhz. Feb 29, 2016 · Since we're not sure on the chips (Micron rev E?), these are just approx guides. Start with changing one line at a time as written below. 24 07:26 Sep 19, 2013 · [其他问题] DDR5内存超频基础教程，告别乱抄参数。以微星Z790-A-MAX举例 (超7200/7400/7600) NGA玩家社区 Nov 5, 2017 · Hardware experts have long been anticipating demise of DRAMs, yet with latest products like HBM2 and DDR5, this technology still remains a popular choice of leading semiconductor companies in the We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Intel DDR5 specs – timings tRRD_S, tRRD_L, tFAW and tRTP in benchmark tests with Alder Lake DDR5 RAM Timing Simulator – Compare and Optimize Memory Performance Analyze and compare RAM execution cycles with our RAM Timing Simulator. TRRD_S (Ras to ras delay S)=4, TRRD_L (Ras to ras L)=6 or 4, tFAW (four act win time)=16, tREFI 65535 (don't use 262144 even though it can go that high, you're risking instant stealth memory corruption or BSOD if the RAM heats up), tRFC (needs testing depending on your sticksHynix and Samsung may work Dec 6, 2022 · 제가 사용 중인 ASUS보드(ASUS CrossHair GENE x670e, BIOS 0705)에서 삼성 램 오버를 맞치고 결과물 올려봅니다. tRDRDscl = Set as desire, match to tWRWRscl, lower than 4 unstable. What's everyone's thoughts? Is it worth it? Will it decrease the life span of my ram? Would I need to add additional cooling for my ram? My system specs are: CPU: tFAW压力一大半在内存控制器那边，我看你SOC 1. 48 votes, 87 comments. Jun 14, 2022 · DDR-RAM • Practice • Reviews • System JEDEC vs. Also try tRAS 30 with the rest based around it but you probably wouldn't see much difference. tRRDS/tRRDL/tFAW 6/8/24, if that works, try 4/6/16 as well (probably won't trrd_l 8 很多UP把trrds设为4，然后 tfaw设置为4倍也就是16，美其名曰压参数， 但一些国外超频论坛上面都说 tfaw可以是16也可以是32，好像是两个cycle的意思，两个圈的意思，据我测试，8 32的效能更好，更流畅 而且对延迟基本没有影响，以宽松为主 相逢在宇宙bk20 May 22, 2022 · MSI 메인보드용 DDR5 오버클럭 가이드입니다. Intel DDR5 specs – timings tRRD_S, tRRD_L, tFAW and tRTP in benchmark tests with Alder Lake Dec 8, 2023 · 分享D5超频的实用干货，涵盖外网信息和技巧，助力玩家优化性能提升体验。 Dec 18, 2023 · Corsair writes a love letter to AMD with its new Dominator Titanium series. 4v So far, I have chizzled away a little on the primary timings, but mostly on secondary and tertiary. If you walk through DDR 2, 3, 4, 5, you'll see tRRD has a min of 2, 4, 4, 8 ticks, respectively. 1k 11-08 90 초보가 DDR5 오버클럭 따라해서 쉽게 6000MHz 만들기 (6200MHz) 민슝 52 58870 2024. tWTRS = Lowest 4, see notes as 4 maybe too tight. 287K subscribers in the overclocking community. 2V with "Low" LLC. Most timings don't matter too much, based on my experience. 3월부터 작성하려고 했었는데 미루고 미루다가 오늘에서야 작성하게 되었네요. 网上流传攻略说tFAW可设置为16 我也就信了tFAW限制内存同时打开速度 比如tRRD设置为4 极端情况下16个周期打开了4个窗口 若tFAW设置为20则要等待4周期才能继续打开窗口 设置为16等于 Apr 8, 2021 · Dependent on the questions directly above, can tRRDS, tRRDL, tFAW, and tWR be set even lower than 4, 4, 16, and 10 respectively? And if so, should I even bother? May 21, 2024 · For Ryzen 7000, besides tFAW (which XMP 3. SKILL brings forward the Flare X line to the DDR5 market. Values above 5 greatly hurt bandwidth and so their use is not advised. In today's review we will be using the new EXPO 6000 MT/s profile that's optimized for Zen 4 using modest primary timings of 32-38-38-96. tRRDS/tRRDL/tFAW 6/8/24, if that works, try 4/6/16 as well (probably won't tfaw - this timing really matters in games, it increased my CPU timespy score by quiet a bit, 16 is the lowest value you can set, try it. I think this is 25% although the BIOS doesn't explicitly Mar 20, 2019 · Memory overclocking has a significant impact on performance of AMD Ryzen-powered machines, but the alleged complexity of memory tweaking on this platform, largely fueled by misinformation and lack of documentation, has kept some enthusiasts away from it. RDSCL 4 / WRSCL 12 (tWTRL-4) Possible benefit from tRWR 14-15 and/or tRDRD 2. Jun 14, 2022 · On the contrary, Intel does not deal with effective time spans at all, but only specifies the number of clock cycles for the timings, namely 4 each for tRRD_S and tRRD_L and consequently 16 for tFAW. 087v，稍加一点到1. 12700K, MPG EDGE 메인보드, 흑금치 기준으로 Jun 3, 2025 · DDR5 DRAM components are available in three variants: x4, x8, and x16. If you browse my scores on hwbot you can also see my 8000mhz post Apr 14, 2007 · [其他问题] DDR5内存超频基础教程，告别乱抄参数。以微星Z790-A-MAX举例 (超7200/7400/7600) NGA玩家社区 内存第二时序和第三时序 这里我们换用tm5 的olie，这里说一下顺序，电压确定完之后，先用olie再考一次，这个可能有点小慢。然后进入第二时序，首先就是之前我提到的trrd S trrd L tfaw（msi板子上面前面那个，没有s）。能锁4 、6、16就锁 (这里前提是不是高频，高频几乎稳不住。)，如果烤机不能过测 Dec 1, 2022 · While CPU and GPU overclocking is relatively straightforward DDR5 overcloking can be an utter nightmare. This can happen even without directl Jul 1, 2025 · 文章浏览阅读1k次，点赞24次，收藏20次。这些时序参数分为主时序（tCL、tRCD、tRP、tRAS）和次时序（tCKE、tFAW、tRFC、tREFI、tRRD、tRTP、tWTR等）。主时序对性能影响较大，通常在内存模块上标示（如16-16-16-32）。次时序对性能的优化较微妙，但在高频或超频场景下（如DDR5）尤为重要。调整时需权衡性能 May 26, 2021 · 由于tFAW是在一个rank中大于4个bank同时激活之后才生效的，所以在内存不是很繁忙的时候，它对性能的影响并不是很大。 但是对一些频繁读写内存的操作，tFAW对性能的影响可能会加大 。 Feb 5, 2020 · U wont notice much difference adjusting 2ndary timings or teritary ones WITHOUT first disabling ram power down mode/power saving feature. 5 ns is therefore 7. Feb 10, 2023 · I found tfaw 20 makes it a bit smoother, but in general 16 is the perfect balance, 4x 4 cycles. 16 , 8 works but it made more fps variance. 非100%教程！部分内容仅算作搬运整理 超频有损坏软件的风险，乱超频有损坏硬件+失去保修的风险；谨慎操作，自负盈亏 确保系统硬件能通过Cinebench Dec 6, 2021 · Hoping to extract the most performance from your DDR5-based system? Check out this DDR5 overclocking guide to help tune your memory! Oct 7, 2019 · [内存]内存详细超频翻译转载【已完善】,转自@xiaxia686大佬的帖子，机器翻译加人工修改了一下，有一些错误之处，因为我对其中的一些参数也不太懂，请谅解，还望指正，我会慢慢修改完善，原文链接https://www. Jun 14, 2022 · For DDR5-4800, the actual clock rate is known to be 2400 MHz – DDR = Double Data Rate. chi ,电脑讨论 (新),讨论区-生活与技术的讨论 ,Chiphell - 分享与交流用户体验 We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 2 V Since Crucial’s new kits with clock rates up to DDR5-6000 should also be interesting for AM5 users, I naturally didn’t want to skip overclocking on the AMD platform. 5 ns with DDR5-4800. tRDRDsd = Only relevant for dual rank, set as desire, match to tWRWRsd. tRDRD--- Min of 1 or 2 tWRWR I am using the new TeamGroup Xtreem DDR5 48GB sticks (8000 MT/S 38,49,49,84) 1. Intel DDR5 specs – timings tRRD_S, tRRD_L, tFAW and tRTP in benchmark tests with Alder Lake 推荐值：10、12、16。 （6）READ to PRE Time（tRTP） 此值越小越好，但是建议提高以增加稳定性，此值计算公式为：tRTP=tWR÷2。 推荐值：8、10、12。 （7）FOUR ACT WIN Time（tFAW） 此值对内存性能影响不大，计算公式为：tFAW=tRRD×4，建议Auto。 （8）WRITE to READ Delay（tWTR） On DDR5 this was increased to 16n due to the technological innovation required in getting DDR5 to the high transfer rates of 6400MT/s that it is specified to run at. tFAW = Lowest 32, as rule is 4xtRRDS. This is because loose tFaw slows down your memory bandwidth Dec 21, 2022 · 细节交流 以下是我超频这对科赋 DDR5 内存半年后总结出来的几点心得。 DDR5 内存超频一定要考虑散热问题！ 在确保散热的范围内先通过调整内存电压摸能开机的最高频率。 降低一档频率后，再根据 BIOS 默认给的时序进一步优化时序。 Change tRRDS and tRRDL to 8 and tFAW to 32. Sep 20, 2024 · tFAW: At least 4× (tRRD_S, tRRD_L); set to 28 tWTR_S: Auto or set to 6 tWTR_L: Auto or set to 28 tRDRDSCL: Auto or set to 8 tWRWRSCL: Auto or set to 24 tRDWR: Auto or set to 16 tWRRD: Auto or set to 8 tRDRDSC: Auto or set to 1 tRDRDSD: Auto or set to 9 tRDRDDD: Auto or set to 9 tWRWRSC: Auto or set to 1 tWRWRSD: Auto or set to 9 tWRWRDD: Auto ddr5内存超频不应. tRDD/tFAW 6-6-24. 작년 11월부터 쿨 Aug 22, 2024 · KLEVV, a renowned memory manufacturer, has recently introduced the Fit V DDR5-6000, a budget-friendly option for those seeking to upgrade their systems with the latest DDR5 technology. No special voltages and no CPU overclock in bios. first things first u should set But say you have it set at 4-8-16, then basically when it only does short ones (tRRDS), tFAW is effectively 16. . Im using them as 20 and 10 by higher frequency. SKILL Trident Z5 RGB Series CL34-45-45-115 1. Any other tips? Having fun which is the most important thing. RAM is dumb, really dumb. Or just find a Buildzoid's video where he overclocks RAM on a cheap B650 and just copy/paste his settings to see you can also run it stable. I reduced both tRCD and tRP by 1, and I haven't attempted reducing tRAS yet. Bring tWR down to 48. tRC try 61 (tRC=tRAS+tRP), increase slightly if unstable. We’ve done a quick test with the KLEVV Fit V DDR5-6000 to see what can we expect from this kit and if it’s a good DDR5 memory kit you can invest in. Also use intel memory latency checker to measure. I always see performance regression at 16 except possibly when GDM is enabled. Designed for precision and reliability, our module tester ensures optimal performance for all your DDR5 memory modules. This allows DDR4 at 3200MT/s and DDR5 at 6400MT/s to have the same internal core memory clock speed. 1 nCK thus corresponds to 1 s / 24000000 or also 4. tRDRDsc = [Auto] is 1, lowering not possible. 0 DDR5 doesn't set), I haven't found a problem XMP profiles for DDR5 on Ryzen. tWR 16 and tRTP 8 is a good tweak too, extreme 12 and 6. 4V) Is there anything that can be improved here? I don't seem to be able to get better performance: RAM Clock frequency = 7200 MT/s tCAS = 34 tRCD = 42 tRP = Mar 5, 2024 · Most of the "essential" subs you tweaked on DDR4 still take the same recommended values. Discover industry-leading testing solutions today May 15, 2024 · Overclocking on AMD – Crucial Pro Overclocking 2x 16 GB DDR5-6000 at DDR5-6600 36-37-37-49 1. My current configuration is: Auros Master B550 SOC: 1. Dec 1, 2022 · LastUsernameWasBaned wrote: I didn't use DDR5 nitro option on my x670-p board. =tRAS-tRCD tFAW Min 16 tFAW=tRRDS or tRRDL * 4 tRRDS tRRDL Min 4 tWTRS Min 2 or 4 tWTRL Min 6,7,8 unknown tRDRDSCL tWRWRSCL Mixing and matching is possible if unstable, tRDRDSCL will be the one that needs to be run 1 or even 2 values higher. Going below 8 8 32 on DDR5 would imply opening a different row during the same clock cycle of a previous ACTIVATE. 40V F5-7200J3445G16GX2-TZ5RS RYZEN 5 7600X @ 5. Input base and tuned memory profiles to calculate latency in nanoseconds and cycles. 今天有空，对比了下主板预设的高带宽低延迟模式，和自己手动压参的性能区别。 然后给我发现了不得了的事。 Generally 4, 4, 16 trrdS/trrdL/tFaw or 4, 6, 16 are the optimal values but test loosening tFaw in your own games and see what kind of results you get. As you increase the DRAM frequency you will become increasingly likely to run into some stability issue. It wont be as visible since RAM power down adds significant latency to everything related to ram so small changes that affect things below 1ns wont be as easily noticeable. For example if you set tFAW to 16 on AMD it won't boot, but will on Intel 12,13,14th gen Below are EXPO specific timings (ignore the ##) Intel XMP doesn't have it and is set by the motherboard. Is there anything I can do without losing latency and get Tfaw to 16? May 21, 2022 · 尽我所能分享，我从外网看来的各种D5超频的干货 NGA玩家社区 Aug 14, 2009 · [硬件产品讨论] 我想请问一下trrd和tfaw这两个小参的用处 NGA玩家社区 The reason why JEDEC defines tRRD/tFAW to have a minimum of 8 8 32 on DDR5 is that it corresponds to exactly 1 cycle of the dram core. Specifications Mar 23, 2025 · DDR5内存超频教程，涵盖电压、小参、阻值设置，教你走上高手之路，提升内存性能及稳定性。 Dec 29, 2022 · G. G. My guess is that you are already at the floor for 7200, but feel free to try. 10 1. It’s stable at tfaw 40 and I want it to be 16 and I don’t think it’s a temp issue because I have a fan blowing onto the ram sticks so it hovers around 30-33 degrees when stress testing. Follow along as we benchmark, compare, and overclock to see what all the fuss is about! Jun 14, 2022 · DDR-RAM • Practice • Reviews • System JEDEC vs. I do CPU overclock in hydra 1. DDR5 OC修订第三版-----ISIL Hello，这里是ISIL，本人第一次写专栏，尽可能的为大家讲解和分享一些DDR5的超频小知识（以前在群里发布过第二次修改版本的DDR5 OC小技巧和注意事项---针对MDie和Intel 12代的讲解）今天为大家带来Intel 13代和ADie的讲解。本次将会更佳细节化第二版内容，并且同时针对于第二版 细节及心得分享 以下是我超频这对科赋 DDR5 内存半年后总结出来的几点心得。 DDR5 内存超频一定要考虑散热问题！ 在确保散热的范围内先通过调整内存电压摸能开机的最高频率。 降低一档频率后，再根据 BIOS 默认给的时序进一步优化时序。 Mar 24, 2024 · 퀘이사존 7. 요약 DDR5에서 삼성램은 참 좋지 않은게 맞는거 같습니다. Ryzen RAM at 6000+ can't use them speed due to limitation of the FCLK, so loosening them up will still net you same performance while making things more stable in general. We want to change this. tFAW는 20, tRFC는 800 때 밑으로 내려가질 못해 하이닉스 램보다 한참 못미치는 성능이 나옵니다. 7GHZ ASUS X570-P with 1654 bios – newest agesa 25/08/2023 Infinity fabric clock at 2100mhz TRFC TRRDS, TRRDL, and TFAW can be lowered to 6/6/24 or potentially 4/4/16. 4b, which I had Patreon access when it was released. Just small OCCT runs for stability and of course running the AIDA64 cache & memory bench. But which configuration brings the most performance with DDR5, JEDEC with 8/13/32, Intel with 4/4/16 or a completely different combination? Aug 24, 2004 · tRRDS = Lowest 8 (JEDEC). When your system does 3 short and a long in a row, effective tFAW for these four will be 20 (3*4+8) and so on. Note: D Nov 5, 2023 · DDR 5 램오버 몇일간 7200~8000까지 램오버 해보고 여러가지 방법으로 시도해보고 통과한 값들이 있는데 7800까지는 안정화는 볼 수 있으나 결과적으로 일단 통과해도 불안정할 수 있었고 불안정하면 게임을 하거나 무언가를 할 때 팅기거나 프레임 드랍이나 미세한 스타터링이 느껴지는 등의 불안정함을 内存简介 科赋 DDR5 系列介绍 科赋原厂海力士 4800MT/s M-Die 系列 工包 OEM 版 KD5AGUA80-48G4000 16GB 单条 零售版 KD5AGUA80-48G400A 16GB 单条 KD5AGUA80-48G400D 32GB 套装（16GBx2）我这边分别买的是 2 条 1… Apr 21, 2001 · AMD DDR5内存超频指南—从放弃到入门 NGA玩家社区 Jan 5, 2021 · hello everyone i have asus z690 hero i9 13900k and 2x16gb g. But tRRDS will benefit from the 16. There is next to no control or failsafes anywhere, it is timing based. These stability issues can be very difficult to find in stability testing so you Jan 25, 2023 · DDR4는 1차 타이밍 혹은 2차 trrd tfaw만 조여도 성능이 대폭 오르는 반면에 DDR5는 신경쓸게 … ZEN4 Ryzen7000 メモリOC メモリーOC DDR5 CL20 Overclock Amebo , DRAM , 電圧 ＜ 目次 ＞ ・ 予備知識のやつ ・ 予備知識2 サブタイミング側 ・ じゃんぱら で クレカが失敗する（その解説） ・ DDR5の構造的な限界 （CL14は無理） ・ 2024-2月 DDR5 low CL について追加 ※ サブタイミング と SoC電圧を ↓ここに追加 Aug 8, 2006 · 讨论DDR5内存超频问题的玩家社区，提供相关经验分享和技术支持。 Jun 14, 2022 · DDR-RAM • Practice • Reviews • System JEDEC vs. Dec 31, 2023 · Motherboard: Gigabyte Z790 AORUS ELITE AX CPU: Intel Core i9-14900KF RAM: G. 03. Here, only the performance impact is considered. I have to find out if reducing tRAS will cause me to have to increase tRCD again. This AMD EXPO edition takes the optimization guess work out of the equation, leaving nothing but performance in its wake. Final result (so far): View attachment 692254 Source: Oct 1, 2023 · After extensive testing i managed to set up timings to get best performance i could out of this ram kit. Nov 17, 2024 · tFAW I just futzed with because someone recommended itwhen I went back to 20 I saw a regression so back it went to 16. Targeting gamers and PC enthusiasts alike. So, I'd like to tighten my timings instead to improve performance. This is because it keeps the prices down on RAM, it most likely works 我比厂家懂内存之tF. Follow along as we check out this DDR5-6000 64 GB memory kit from Corsair. If one of those values don't follow the formula, they will be autocorrected to the higher value that satisfies the formula. Nothing special in bios really. The maximum of 12 nCK and 7. Apr 5, 2023 · I recently built a PC and learned that lower Cas Latency can offer a fair amount of additional performance, especially on Ryzen CPUs. TRCD, TRP, and TREFI are the big three. tWTRL = Lowest 16, as rule 4xtWTRS or 2xtRRDL.